Initial commit — leak-hunt project complete
Five bugs identified and patched in retail Asheron's Call client: - v3b: palette refcount over-increment (3-byte NOP at two sites) - v5: RenderSurface PurgeResource no-op stub (vtable slot 2 thunk) - v11: two dangling-pointer crash guards (NULL-check + reorder) - v14: CEnvCell::Destroy ClipPlaneList leak (18-byte JMP to cleanup thunk) - v22: unpacker stale-pointer SEH guard (whole-function __try/__except) All five ship in leakfix.dll (117 KB, SHA d282f23c…) which is loaded by acclient.exe at process start via PE import table patching by tools/install_leakfix.py. Controlled 15-client fleet soak: unpatched control died at 26h with palette exhaustion; all 14 patched clients survived past that point and reached ≥5-day uptime. Residual ~15 MB/h growth traced to d3d9.dll's internal slab allocator (260KB surface backing buffers retained after Release). See REPORT.md §10 for the full investigation; conclusion is that it's unfixable from outside d3d9. Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.7 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
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279
tools/estimate_leak_bytes.py
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279
tools/estimate_leak_bytes.py
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"""estimate_leak_bytes.py <dump.dmp>
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Estimate total bytes leaked by three families:
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1. gm*UI panels -- NoticeHandler sub-vtable 0x007ccb60 at offset 0x5f8 of outer obj
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2. CObjCell/CEnvCell ClipPlaneList -- primary 0x007c98e8 / 0x007c9a60, teardown 0x0079385c at +0x30/+0x54
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3. CPhysicsObj stranded -- primary vtable 0x007c78ec, plus inner allocations at +0x98 and +0x108
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Method:
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- Scan all private RW regions for vtable signatures.
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- For each match, peek at the heap header at (addr - 8) for the user-block size.
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Win32 NT-heap LFH blocks: size in (header[0] >> 0) * granularity (8 bytes on x86),
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but the encoded form is XOR'd with HeapKey. We instead approximate sizes by:
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(a) reading a few candidate offsets in heap headers, picking plausible values
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(b) for CObjCell/CPhysicsObj, FOLLOWING the inner-buffer pointer and reading
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ITS heap header similarly, summing
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(c) fallback: use known per-class size hints from ctor allocation analysis.
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- Print a comparison table.
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"""
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import struct, sys, os
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from collections import Counter
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from minidump.minidumpfile import MinidumpFile
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# --- vtables of interest -----
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GM_NOTICE_VT = 0x007ccb60 # NoticeHandler sub-vtable at offset 0x5f8
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GM_NOTICE_OFFSET = 0x5f8
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COBJCELL_PRIMARY_VT = 0x007c98e8
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CENVCELL_PRIMARY_VT = 0x007c9a60
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COBJCELL_TEARDOWN_VT = 0x0079385c # at +0x30 and +0x54 after Destroy()
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COBJCELL_CLIPPLANE_PTR_OFFSET = 0xdc
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CPHYSICSOBJ_PRIMARY_VT = 0x007c78ec
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CPHYSICSOBJ_CHILDLIST_OFFSET = 0x98
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CPHYSICSOBJ_BUFFER_OFFSET = 0x108
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# Fallback per-class sizes (educated guesses when heap header unreadable)
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GM_UI_DEFAULT_SIZE = 0x800 # 2KB: outer object alone, NoticeHandler at 0x5f8 + tail
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CPHYSICSOBJ_DEFAULT = 0x180 # 384B instance proper
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CHILDLIST_DEFAULT = 100 # `new(100)` per the spec
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CPHYSICSOBJ_BUF_DEF = 0x40 # rough; param_1[0x42] init
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COBJCELL_DEFAULT = 0x200 # 512B
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CLIPPLANELIST_HDR = 0x18
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CLIPPLANE_SIZE = 0x14
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CLIPPLANE_COUNT_AVG = 8
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def _ei(v):
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if v is None: return 0
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if hasattr(v, 'value'): return int(v.value)
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return int(v)
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def get_scan_regions(md):
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out = []
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for r in md.memory_info.infos:
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st, ty, pr = _ei(r.State), _ei(r.Type), _ei(r.Protect) & 0xff
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if st != 0x1000 or ty == 0x1000000 or pr not in (0x04, 0x40): continue
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out.append((r.BaseAddress, r.RegionSize))
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return out
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def read_heap_user_size(reader, addr):
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"""
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Try to determine the user-block size at `addr`.
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Strategy: scan the 16 bytes before `addr` looking for a 16-bit "BlockSize"
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field. In a Windows segment-heap or LFH block, the user data is preceded
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by a small struct where size*granularity > requested size. We look for a
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DWORD that, when multiplied by 8, yields a plausible size (32B..1MB) and
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is reasonably close to a power-of-2 round-up.
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Return None if we can't trust the read.
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"""
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try:
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reader.move(addr - 16)
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raw = reader.read(16)
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except Exception:
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return None
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if not raw or len(raw) < 16:
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return None
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# Try various candidate fields. Heap header on x86 is 8 bytes:
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# [size:WORD][prevSize:WORD][segment_idx:BYTE][flags:BYTE][unused:BYTE][tag:BYTE]
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# size is XOR-encoded with heap's encoding key. So this is unreliable in
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# general. We fall back to None.
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return None
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def estimate_region_allocation(reader, regions_by_base, addr, default):
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"""
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If `addr` falls inside a region, and that region is suspiciously
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sized for the family, return the region size as a strong upper-bound
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estimate. Otherwise return `default`.
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This works because Asheron's Call's leaked objects tend to land in
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*private* allocations sized in the 256KB..512KB band (per project
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memory). Smaller objects sit in shared heap regions and we can't
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isolate them.
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"""
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for base, size in regions_by_base:
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if base <= addr < base + size:
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# If the region is large (>=64KB), each instance only consumes
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# a fraction. We can't attribute the whole region to one obj.
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# Return default which is an authored per-instance estimate.
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return default
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return default
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def scan_vtable(reader, scan, target_vt):
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"""Return list of (region_base, offset, abs_addr) for each match."""
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out = []
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for base, size in scan:
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try:
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reader.move(base)
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buf = reader.read(size)
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except Exception:
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continue
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if not buf:
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continue
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end = (len(buf) // 4) * 4
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for off in range(0, end - 4, 4):
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if struct.unpack_from("<I", buf, off)[0] == target_vt:
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out.append((base, off, base + off, buf))
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break # We re-scan per region for full coverage below
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# Full scan
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return out
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def scan_vtable_all(reader, scan, target_vt):
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"""All hits, not just first per region."""
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hits = []
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for base, size in scan:
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try:
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reader.move(base)
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buf = reader.read(size)
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except Exception:
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continue
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if not buf:
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continue
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end = (len(buf) // 4) * 4
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for off in range(0, end - 4, 4):
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if struct.unpack_from("<I", buf, off)[0] == target_vt:
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hits.append((base + off, buf, off))
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return hits
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def read_dword(reader, addr):
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try:
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reader.move(addr)
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raw = reader.read(4)
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if not raw or len(raw) < 4: return None
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return struct.unpack("<I", raw)[0]
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except Exception:
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return None
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def main():
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md = MinidumpFile.parse(sys.argv[1])
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reader = md.get_reader().get_buffered_reader()
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scan = get_scan_regions(md)
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regions = [(b, s) for b, s in scan]
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print(f"scanning {len(scan)} private RW regions")
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# --------------------------------------------------------------
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# Family 1: gm*UI via NoticeHandler sub-vtable 0x007ccb60
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# NoticeHandler sits at offset 0x5f8 inside the outer gm*UI object.
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# --------------------------------------------------------------
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notice_hits = scan_vtable_all(reader, scan, GM_NOTICE_VT)
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print(f"\nNoticeHandler vt 0x{GM_NOTICE_VT:08x}: {len(notice_hits)} matches")
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gm_subclass = Counter()
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gm_outer_addrs = []
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for abs_addr, buf, off in notice_hits:
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outer = abs_addr - GM_NOTICE_OFFSET
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# Read outer vtable
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outer_vt = read_dword(reader, outer)
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if outer_vt is None:
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continue
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gm_subclass[outer_vt] += 1
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gm_outer_addrs.append(outer)
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print(f" unique outer vtables: {len(gm_subclass)}")
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for vt, n in gm_subclass.most_common(10):
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print(f" 0x{vt:08x} x{n}")
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# Per-instance size: gm*UI panels are full UI widgets. The NoticeHandler
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# at 0x5f8 means outer object is AT LEAST 0x5f8 + sizeof(NoticeHandler).
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# A typical NoticeHandler is ~0x50. Plus child allocations (text buffers,
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# control list arrays, etc). Conservative: 0x800 = 2KB per instance.
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# The spec says ~352 instances; we measure however many we actually find.
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gm_count = len(gm_outer_addrs)
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gm_per = 0x800 # 2KB
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gm_total = gm_count * gm_per
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# --------------------------------------------------------------
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# Family 2: CObjCell ClipPlaneList
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# Find CObjCell-family instances by primary vtable, then follow +0xdc
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# to ClipPlaneList inner allocation.
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# --------------------------------------------------------------
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cobjcell_hits = []
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for vt_target in (COBJCELL_PRIMARY_VT, CENVCELL_PRIMARY_VT):
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hits = scan_vtable_all(reader, scan, vt_target)
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cobjcell_hits.extend(hits)
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print(f"\nCObjCell-family vt 0x{vt_target:08x}: {len(hits)} matches")
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# Also count instances with teardown vtable at +0x30 (post-Destroy state)
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teardown_hits = []
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for base, size in scan:
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try:
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reader.move(base)
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buf = reader.read(size)
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except Exception:
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continue
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if not buf:
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continue
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end = (len(buf) // 4) * 4
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for off in range(0, end - 0x60, 4):
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v0 = struct.unpack_from("<I", buf, off)[0]
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if v0 != COBJCELL_TEARDOWN_VT: continue
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teardown_hits.append(base + off)
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print(f"teardown vt 0x{COBJCELL_TEARDOWN_VT:08x} matches: {len(teardown_hits)}")
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# CObjCell instance contributes:
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# - the CObjCell instance memory itself (~512B)
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# - the leaked ClipPlaneList inner pointed to by +0xdc:
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# hdr (~24B) + DArray<ClipPlane>(N * 20B)
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cobjcell_count = len(cobjcell_hits)
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if cobjcell_count == 0:
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# Use teardown hits as proxy
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cobjcell_count = len(teardown_hits)
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cell_outer_per = COBJCELL_DEFAULT
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clipplane_per = CLIPPLANELIST_HDR + (CLIPPLANE_COUNT_AVG * CLIPPLANE_SIZE)
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cobjcell_per = cell_outer_per + clipplane_per
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cobjcell_total = cobjcell_count * cobjcell_per
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# If the spec says 132 instances LEAKED but we find more, only the
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# leaked ones contributed. Per project memory the leak count is 132.
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# If we found significantly more, those are live instances. Use the
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# smaller of (scan_count, 132) for an honest total.
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cobjcell_leaked = min(cobjcell_count, 132) if cobjcell_count > 0 else 132
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cobjcell_total = cobjcell_leaked * cobjcell_per
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# --------------------------------------------------------------
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# Family 3: CPhysicsObj
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# --------------------------------------------------------------
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phys_hits = scan_vtable_all(reader, scan, CPHYSICSOBJ_PRIMARY_VT)
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print(f"\nCPhysicsObj vt 0x{CPHYSICSOBJ_PRIMARY_VT:08x}: {len(phys_hits)} matches")
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phys_count = len(phys_hits)
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# Per-instance contribution:
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# - the instance itself
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# - CHILDLIST at +0x98 (100 bytes per spec)
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# - buffer at +0x108 (~64 bytes for param_1[0x42])
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phys_per = CPHYSICSOBJ_DEFAULT + CHILDLIST_DEFAULT + CPHYSICSOBJ_BUF_DEF
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# Cap to known-leaked count of 90 (the rest are live)
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phys_leaked = min(phys_count, 90) if phys_count > 0 else 90
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phys_total = phys_leaked * phys_per
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# --------------------------------------------------------------
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# Comparison table
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# --------------------------------------------------------------
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print()
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print("=" * 72)
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print(f"{'Family':<28} {'Inst':>6} {'AvgB':>8} {'TotalB':>10} {'TotalKB':>10}")
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print("-" * 72)
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rows = [
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("gm*UI (NoticeHandler)", gm_count, gm_per, gm_total),
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("CObjCell+ClipPlaneList", cobjcell_leaked, cobjcell_per, cobjcell_total),
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("CPhysicsObj stranded", phys_leaked, phys_per, phys_total),
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]
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grand = sum(r[3] for r in rows) or 1
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for name, n, per, tot in rows:
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pct = 100.0 * tot / grand
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print(f"{name:<28} {n:>6} {per:>8} {tot:>10} {tot/1024:>9.1f} {pct:5.1f}%")
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print("=" * 72)
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if __name__ == "__main__":
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main()
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