namespace AcDream.App.Rendering.Gpu.Gl;

/// <summary>
/// Pure bookkeeping for one flight slot's upload ring: an allocation cursor
/// that only grows across a frame, plus a separate "dirty" watermark that
/// tracks the byte range written since the last flush.
///
/// This is deliberately GL-free so it can be unit tested without a live
/// context. <see cref="GlGpuFrame"/> owns one instance per flight slot and
/// pairs it with a managed staging <c>byte[]</c> and a real GL buffer; the
/// staging array receives every <see cref="GpuRingAllocation.Data"/> write,
/// and immediately before each <c>Draw</c>/<c>DrawIndexed</c>/
/// <c>MultiDrawIndexedIndirect</c> the device uploads exactly the dirty range
/// via one <c>glBufferSubData</c> call and calls <see cref="TakeDirtyRange"/>
/// to reset the watermark. The allocation cursor itself only resets at
/// <see cref="Reset"/> (once per <c>BeginFrame</c>) — writes made after a
/// flush simply extend the dirty range again, to be picked up by the next
/// flush. This is what makes "flush before every draw, not at bind time"
/// correct: a renderer that writes after binding still gets uploaded before
/// its draw call runs.
/// </summary>
internal sealed class GlRingBufferState
{
    private readonly int _capacityBytes;
    private uint _cursor;
    private int _dirtyStart = -1;
    private int _dirtyEnd = -1;

    public GlRingBufferState(int capacityBytes)
    {
        ArgumentOutOfRangeException.ThrowIfNegativeOrZero(capacityBytes);
        _capacityBytes = capacityBytes;
    }

    public int CapacityBytes => _capacityBytes;

    /// <summary>Bytes handed out since the last <see cref="Reset"/>.</summary>
    public uint AllocatedBytes => _cursor;

    /// <summary>
    /// Reserves <paramref name="byteCount"/> bytes aligned to
    /// <paramref name="alignmentBytes"/>, returning the aligned offset.
    /// Throws — rather than truncating — when the request would exceed the
    /// slot's capacity, because a silently shortened allocation would corrupt
    /// the frame invisibly.
    /// </summary>
    public uint Allocate(int byteCount, uint alignmentBytes)
    {
        ArgumentOutOfRangeException.ThrowIfNegative(byteCount);
        uint aligned = AlignUp(_cursor, alignmentBytes);
        long end = (long)aligned + byteCount;
        if (end > _capacityBytes)
        {
            throw new InvalidOperationException(
                $"Ring allocation of {byteCount} bytes at aligned offset {aligned} " +
                $"needs {end} bytes; the ring slot is {_capacityBytes} bytes. " +
                "Increase the per-slot ring capacity (GlGpuDevice's ringCapacityBytesPerSlot).");
        }

        _cursor = (uint)end;
        if (byteCount > 0)
            MarkDirty((int)aligned, (int)end);
        return aligned;
    }

    /// <summary>Starts a new frame: rewinds the allocation cursor. Dirty state is untouched — a flush always runs before this is called.</summary>
    public void Reset()
    {
        _cursor = 0;
        _dirtyStart = -1;
        _dirtyEnd = -1;
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Returns the byte range written since the last flush (start, length),
    /// or (0, 0) when nothing is dirty, and clears the watermark.
    /// </summary>
    public (int Start, int Length) TakeDirtyRange()
    {
        if (_dirtyStart < 0)
            return (0, 0);

        (int start, int length) = (_dirtyStart, _dirtyEnd - _dirtyStart);
        _dirtyStart = -1;
        _dirtyEnd = -1;
        return (start, length);
    }

    public bool HasDirtyBytes => _dirtyStart >= 0;

    private void MarkDirty(int start, int end)
    {
        _dirtyStart = _dirtyStart < 0 ? start : Math.Min(_dirtyStart, start);
        _dirtyEnd = Math.Max(_dirtyEnd, end);
    }

    internal static uint AlignUp(uint value, uint alignmentBytes) =>
        alignmentBytes <= 1 ? value : (value + alignmentBytes - 1) / alignmentBytes * alignmentBytes;
}