using System.Numerics;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
using AcDream.App.Rendering.Gpu;
using AcDream.Core.Lighting;
using DatReaderWriter.Enums;

namespace AcDream.App.Rendering.Wb;

/// <summary>
/// Campaign V slice V6j: the dungeon-shell renderer's RHI submission arm.
///
/// <para>V4c's content, re-landed as a second arm rather than a replacement —
/// see <see cref="AcDream.App.Rendering.TerrainModernRenderer"/>'s RHI file for
/// why the fork exists and where it is confined.</para>
///
/// <para>Two structural differences from V4c. It records into the pass
/// <c>VulkanWorldScenePhase</c> opened rather than opening
/// <c>"envcell-shells"</c> of its own, because the frame's one backbuffer pass
/// resolves. And the global texture table is set 2 rather than a storage
/// buffer: storage binding 9 is now #226's per-instance detail category.</para>
/// </summary>
public sealed unsafe partial class EnvCellRenderer
{
    private readonly IGpuDevice? _device;
    private readonly ICurrentGpuFrameSource? _frames;
    private readonly IWorldPassScope? _scope;
    private IGpuPipeline? _opaquePipeline;
    private IGpuPipeline? _alphaPipeline;
    private IGpuPipeline? _additivePipeline;
    private IGpuPipeline? _detailPipeline;
    private IGpuPipeline? _transparentDetailPipeline;
    private readonly TerrainAtlas.RetailDetailTextureBinding _environmentDetail;
    private readonly Func<bool> _buildingDetailEnabled;

    /// <summary>
    /// The RHI arm's constructor. It also completes <c>Initialize</c>'s job: the
    /// five pipelines ARE this renderer's program, so there is no second step
    /// and no <c>Shader</c> to hand in.
    /// </summary>
    internal EnvCellRenderer(
        IGpuDevice device,
        ICurrentGpuFrameSource frames,
        IWorldPassScope scope,
        ObjectMeshManager meshManager,
        WbFrustum frustum,
        TerrainAtlas.RetailDetailTextureBinding environmentDetail = default,
        Func<bool>? buildingDetailEnabled = null)
    {
        _device = device ?? throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(device));
        _frames = frames ?? throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(frames));
        _scope = scope ?? throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(scope));
        _meshManager = meshManager ?? throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(meshManager));
        _frustum = frustum ?? throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(frustum));
        _environmentDetail = environmentDetail;
        _buildingDetailEnabled = buildingDetailEnabled ?? DisableDetailTextures;

        _opaquePipeline = CreateShellPipeline(
            device, "envcell-opaque", GpuBlendMode.None, depthWrite: true, scope.SampleCount);
        _alphaPipeline = CreateShellPipeline(
            device, "envcell-alpha", GpuBlendMode.StraightAlpha, depthWrite: false, scope.SampleCount);
        _additivePipeline = CreateShellPipeline(
            device, "envcell-additive", GpuBlendMode.Additive, depthWrite: false, scope.SampleCount);
        _detailPipeline = CreateShellPipeline(
            device,
            "envcell-retail-detail",
            GpuBlendMode.RetailDetail,
            depthWrite: true,
            scope.SampleCount,
            shaderName: "mesh_detail",
            depthCompare: RetailDetailTextureContract.DetailDepthCompare(
                transparent: false));
        _transparentDetailPipeline = CreateShellPipeline(
            device,
            "envcell-retail-detail-alpha",
            GpuBlendMode.RetailDetail,
            depthWrite: false,
            scope.SampleCount,
            shaderName: "mesh_detail",
            depthCompare: RetailDetailTextureContract.DetailDepthCompare(
                transparent: true));
        _initialized = true;
    }

    private static bool DisableDetailTextures() => false;

    /// <summary>
    /// One pipeline per blend state the shell pass uses. Everything else is
    /// shared: <c>mesh_modern</c>, the 32-byte world-mesh vertex, triangle lists,
    /// back-face culling with clockwise front faces.
    ///
    /// <para>Depth compare is <c>Less</c>, not the contract's <c>LessOrEqual</c>
    /// default. The world frame runs under <c>GL_LESS</c> and this renderer never
    /// called <c>glDepthFunc</c>, so it inherited it; baking <c>LessOrEqual</c>
    /// would change which of two coplanar retail surfaces wins.</para>
    /// </summary>
    private static IGpuPipeline CreateShellPipeline(
        IGpuDevice device,
        string name,
        GpuBlendMode blend,
        bool depthWrite,
        int sampleCount,
        string shaderName = "mesh_modern",
        GpuCompareOp depthCompare = GpuCompareOp.Less) =>
        device.CreatePipeline(new GpuPipelineDescription
        {
            Name = name,
            Shaders = new GpuShaderSet(shaderName),
            VertexLayout = GpuVertexLayout.WorldMesh,
            Topology = GpuPrimitiveTopology.TriangleList,
            Blend = blend,
            Depth = new GpuDepthState(Test: true, Write: depthWrite, depthCompare),
            Cull = GpuCullMode.Back,
            FrontFace = GpuFrontFace.Clockwise,
            AlphaToCoverage = false,
            ColorWrite = true,
            SampleCount = sampleCount,
        });

    /// <summary>
    /// Writes this pass's sections into the frame ring and records the same
    /// per-group multi-draw runs the GL arm issues, in the same order.
    /// </summary>
    private void SubmitRhi(
        List<InstanceData> allInstances,
        WbRenderPass renderPass,
        int totalDraws,
        int uniqueInstanceCount)
    {
        IWorldPassScope scope = _scope!;
        IGpuPassEncoder encoder = scope.RequireEncoder();
        IGpuFrame frame = _frames!.CurrentFrame
            ?? throw new InvalidOperationException(
                "EnvCellRenderer requires an open IGpuFrame (see GpuDeviceFrameLifetime).");
        GlobalMeshBuffer mesh = _meshManager.GlobalBuffer
            ?? throw new InvalidOperationException("The shared mesh arena is not published.");

        if (_gpuInstanceTransforms.Length < uniqueInstanceCount)
        {
            Array.Resize(
                ref _gpuInstanceTransforms,
                Math.Max(_gpuInstanceTransforms.Length * 2, uniqueInstanceCount));
        }
        for (int i = 0; i < uniqueInstanceCount; i++)
            _gpuInstanceTransforms[i] = allInstances[i].Transform;

        // Phase U.4: per-instance clip slots, laid out parallel to the transforms
        // so instanceClipSlot[BaseInstance + gl_InstanceID] tracks Instances[].
        if (_clipSlotData.Length < uniqueInstanceCount)
            _clipSlotData = new uint[Math.Max(_clipSlotData.Length * 2, uniqueInstanceCount)];
        if (_cellIdToSlot is null
            || AcDream.Core.Rendering.RenderingDiagnostics.ClipDebugNoShellTrim)
        {
            Array.Clear(_clipSlotData, 0, uniqueInstanceCount);
        }
        else
        {
            for (int i = 0; i < uniqueInstanceCount; i++)
            {
                _clipSlotData[i] =
                    _cellIdToSlot.TryGetValue(allInstances[i].CellId, out int slot)
                        ? (uint)slot
                        : 0u;
            }
        }

        // Campaign VM VM1 follow-up: per-instance opacity multiplier, laid out
        // parallel to the transforms exactly like _clipSlotData above. EnvCell
        // shells have no #188 translucency-fade concept, so every element is
        // the constant no-op 1.0f — grown but not reallocated per frame, same
        // as the other per-instance scratch arrays here.
        if (_instanceAlphaData.Length < uniqueInstanceCount)
        {
            _instanceAlphaData = new float[
                Math.Max(_instanceAlphaData.Length * 2, uniqueInstanceCount)];
        }
        Array.Fill(_instanceAlphaData, 1f, 0, uniqueInstanceCount);

        // A7 Fix D (D-2): per-instance 8-int light set, keyed on the cell each
        // shell instance belongs to.
        int lightStride = LightManager.MaxLightsPerObject;
        if (_lightSetData.Length < uniqueInstanceCount * lightStride)
        {
            _lightSetData = new int[Math.Max(
                _lightSetData.Length * 2,
                uniqueInstanceCount * lightStride)];
        }
        for (int i = 0; i < uniqueInstanceCount; i++)
        {
            int[] cellSet = GetCellLightSet(allInstances[i].CellId);
            Array.Copy(cellSet, 0, _lightSetData, i * lightStride, lightStride);
        }

        if (renderPass == WbRenderPass.Opaque
            && AcDream.Core.Rendering.RenderingDiagnostics.ProbeSeamDrawEnabled)
        {
            EmitSeamDrawProbe(_renderDrawCalls, allInstances, _seamProbeFilter);
        }

        int lightCount = GlobalLightPacker.Pack(_pointSnapshot, ref _globalLightData);
        int globalLightUploadCount = lightCount > 0 ? lightCount : 1;

        var pushConstants = new GpuPushConstants
        {
            ViewProjection = _lastViewProjection,
            DrawIdOffset = 0,
            // A7 Fix D D-3/D-4: EnvCell bake — wrap points, no sun.
            LightingMode = 1,
            RenderPass = (int)renderPass,
            LightDebug = AcDream.Core.Rendering.RenderingDiagnostics.LightDebugMode,
            TextureIndexA = 0,
            TextureIndexB = 0,
            ParamA = 0f,
            ParamB = 0f,
        };

        // Bind the pass's base pipeline first so the ring binds land on a live
        // program; the per-range switches below rebind the mesh with it.
        IGpuPipeline basePipeline = renderPass == WbRenderPass.Transparent
            ? _alphaPipeline!
            : _opaquePipeline!;
        BindPipelineWithMesh(encoder, basePipeline, mesh);
        encoder.SetPushConstants(in pushConstants);

        BindRingSection<Matrix4x4>(
            encoder, frame, GpuBindingModel.StorageInstances,
            _gpuInstanceTransforms.AsSpan(0, uniqueInstanceCount));
        BindRingSection<ModernBatchData>(
            encoder, frame, GpuBindingModel.StorageBatches,
            _modernBatches.AsSpan(0, totalDraws));
        BindRingSection<uint>(
            encoder, frame, GpuBindingModel.StorageClipSlots,
            _clipSlotData.AsSpan(0, uniqueInstanceCount));
        BindRingSection<float>(
            encoder, frame, GpuBindingModel.StorageInstanceAlpha,
            _instanceAlphaData.AsSpan(0, uniqueInstanceCount));
        BindRingSection<float>(
            encoder, frame, GpuBindingModel.StorageGlobalLights,
            _globalLightData.AsSpan(
                0,
                globalLightUploadCount * GlobalLightPacker.FloatsPerLight));
        BindRingSection<int>(
            encoder, frame, GpuBindingModel.StorageInstanceLightSets,
            _lightSetData.AsSpan(0, uniqueInstanceCount * lightStride));
        BindEnvironmentDetailCategory(encoder, frame);

        // The frame-global sections, bound after this renderer's own binds
        // because those binds are what select the descriptor scope.
        AcDream.App.Rendering.WorldFrameSectionBinding.BindClipRegions(
            encoder, scope.Sections, frame);
        AcDream.App.Rendering.WorldFrameSectionBinding.BindSceneLighting(
            encoder, scope.Sections, frame);

        GpuRingAllocation commands = frame.AllocateRing(
            totalDraws * sizeof(DrawElementsIndirectCommand),
            GpuRingUsage.Indirect);
        MemoryMarshal.AsBytes(_commands.AsSpan(0, totalDraws)).CopyTo(commands.Data);
        IGpuBuffer commandBuffer = commands.Buffer;
        uint commandBase = commands.OffsetBytes;
        bool detailEnabled = RetailDetailTextureContract.ShouldRender(
            _buildingDetailEnabled(),
            _environmentDetail);

        for (int drawRangeIndex = 0; drawRangeIndex < _mdiDrawRanges.Count; drawRangeIndex++)
        {
            MdiDrawRange drawRange = _mdiDrawRanges[drawRangeIndex];
            int groupIndex = drawRange.GroupIndex;
            var cullMode = (CullMode)(groupIndex % 4);
            // Phase A8 visual-gate evidence: cell meshes use CullMode.Landblock
            // uniformly, but the room surfaces need to be visible from inside.
            // Render cell polys double-sided, exactly as the GL arm does.
            if (cullMode == CullMode.Landblock) cullMode = CullMode.None;

            bool isAdditive = groupIndex >= 4;
            IGpuPipeline rangeBasePipeline = isAdditive
                ? _additivePipeline!
                : _alphaPipeline!;
            if (renderPass == WbRenderPass.Transparent)
            {
                // Blend state is the pipeline's; switching variants mid-pass has
                // to re-establish the mesh, which is vertex-array state.
                BindPipelineWithMesh(
                    encoder,
                    rangeBasePipeline,
                    mesh);
            }

            // Must follow the pipeline bind: BindPipeline re-issues the
            // pipeline's own cull/front-face/depth-write defaults.
            SetCullMode(encoder, cullMode);

            pushConstants.RenderPass = isAdditive
                ? (int)renderPass | 0x100
                : (int)renderPass;
            pushConstants.DrawIdOffset = drawRange.FirstCommand;
            encoder.SetPushConstants(in pushConstants);

            // Retail DrawMesh's two-pass fallback redraws each transparent
            // RenderMeshSubset immediately, before the next delayed-alpha
            // subset. Preserve that base/detail adjacency so another shell or
            // particle cannot be composited between the two contributions.
            if (renderPass == WbRenderPass.Transparent && detailEnabled)
            {
                int rangeEnd = drawRange.FirstCommand + drawRange.CommandCount;
                for (int command = drawRange.FirstCommand; command < rangeEnd; command++)
                {
                    BindPipelineWithMesh(encoder, rangeBasePipeline, mesh);
                    SetCullMode(encoder, cullMode);
                    pushConstants.RenderPass = isAdditive
                        ? (int)renderPass | 0x100
                        : (int)renderPass;
                    pushConstants.DrawIdOffset = command;
                    pushConstants.TextureIndexA = 0;
                    pushConstants.ParamA = 0f;
                    pushConstants.ParamB = 0f;
                    encoder.SetPushConstants(in pushConstants);
                    encoder.MultiDrawIndexedIndirect(
                        commandBuffer,
                        commandBase + (uint)(command * sizeof(DrawElementsIndirectCommand)),
                        1,
                        (uint)sizeof(DrawElementsIndirectCommand));

                    BindPipelineWithMesh(encoder, _transparentDetailPipeline!, mesh);
                    SetCullMode(encoder, cullMode);
                    pushConstants.DrawIdOffset = command;
                    pushConstants.TextureIndexA = _environmentDetail.TextureSlot.Index;
                    pushConstants.ParamA = _environmentDetail.Tiling;
                    pushConstants.ParamB = 0f;
                    encoder.SetPushConstants(in pushConstants);
                    encoder.MultiDrawIndexedIndirect(
                        commandBuffer,
                        commandBase + (uint)(command * sizeof(DrawElementsIndirectCommand)),
                        1,
                        (uint)sizeof(DrawElementsIndirectCommand));
                }
                continue;
            }

            encoder.MultiDrawIndexedIndirect(
                commandBuffer,
                commandBase + (uint)(drawRange.FirstCommand * sizeof(DrawElementsIndirectCommand)),
                (uint)drawRange.CommandCount,
                (uint)sizeof(DrawElementsIndirectCommand));
        }

        // Retail DrawEnvCell category (2). Replay the already-filtered opaque
        // shell commands, including ClipMap built-mesh subsets. No distance
        // fade (VM1/VM2): retail's noFadeDetail gates get_alpha_for_z to the
        // immediate-polygon path only, which built meshes never reach;
        // attenuation is the sampler's linear mip chain converging to the
        // texture mean. The existing "Building Detail Textures" option gates
        // both this and buildings, matching LScape::ChangeRegion.
        if (renderPass == WbRenderPass.Opaque
            && detailEnabled)
        {
            BindPipelineWithMesh(encoder, _detailPipeline!, mesh);
            pushConstants.RenderPass = 0;
            pushConstants.TextureIndexA = _environmentDetail.TextureSlot.Index;
            pushConstants.ParamA = _environmentDetail.Tiling;
            pushConstants.ParamB = 0f;

            for (int drawRangeIndex = 0; drawRangeIndex < _mdiDrawRanges.Count; drawRangeIndex++)
            {
                MdiDrawRange drawRange = _mdiDrawRanges[drawRangeIndex];
                var cullMode = (CullMode)(drawRange.GroupIndex % 4);
                if (cullMode == CullMode.Landblock)
                    cullMode = CullMode.None;
                SetCullMode(encoder, cullMode);
                pushConstants.DrawIdOffset = drawRange.FirstCommand;
                encoder.SetPushConstants(in pushConstants);
                encoder.MultiDrawIndexedIndirect(
                    commandBuffer,
                    commandBase + (uint)(drawRange.FirstCommand * sizeof(DrawElementsIndirectCommand)),
                    (uint)drawRange.CommandCount,
                    (uint)sizeof(DrawElementsIndirectCommand));
            }
        }
    }

    private void BindPipelineWithMesh(
        IGpuPassEncoder encoder,
        IGpuPipeline pipeline,
        GlobalMeshBuffer mesh)
    {
        encoder.BindPipeline(pipeline);
        encoder.BindVertexBuffer(
            0,
            mesh.VertexStore ?? throw new InvalidOperationException(
                "The shared mesh arena has no vertex store."),
            0);
        encoder.BindIndexBuffer(
            mesh.IndexStore ?? throw new InvalidOperationException(
                "The shared mesh arena has no index store."),
            0,
            GpuIndexType.UInt16);
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// WB <c>BaseObjectRenderManager.cs:850-866</c> applies CullMode per MDI
    /// group; WB <c>GameScene.cs:843</c> sets FrontFace(CW) globally. Both are
    /// dynamic state in core Vulkan 1.3, so they stay per-run calls.
    /// </summary>
    private static void SetCullMode(IGpuPassEncoder encoder, CullMode mode)
    {
        encoder.SetFrontFace(GpuFrontFace.Clockwise);
        switch (mode)
        {
            case CullMode.None:
                encoder.SetCullMode(GpuCullMode.None);
                break;
            case CullMode.Clockwise:
                encoder.SetCullMode(GpuCullMode.Front);
                break;
            case CullMode.CounterClockwise:
            case CullMode.Landblock:
                encoder.SetCullMode(GpuCullMode.Back);
                break;
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Reserves this frame's ring, copies into it, and binds the slice. A
    /// logically empty section still reserves one element so the bound range is
    /// never zero-length — the "bind at least one element so the shader never
    /// reads an unbound SSBO" rule the light buffers already stated.
    /// </summary>
    private static void BindRingSection<T>(
        IGpuPassEncoder encoder,
        IGpuFrame frame,
        uint binding,
        ReadOnlySpan<T> data)
        where T : unmanaged
    {
        int elementBytes = sizeof(T);
        int byteCount = Math.Max(data.Length * elementBytes, elementBytes);
        GpuRingAllocation allocation = frame.AllocateRing(byteCount, GpuRingUsage.Storage);
        if (!data.IsEmpty)
            data.CopyTo(allocation.AsSpan<T>());
        encoder.BindStorageBuffer(
            binding,
            allocation.Buffer,
            allocation.OffsetBytes,
            (uint)byteCount);
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Binds one category word for <c>mesh_detail.vert</c>'s statically used
    /// binding 9. EnvCell draws select their renderer-wide category via
    /// <c>uParamB=0</c>, so the value is semantically unused, but Vulkan still
    /// requires the declared descriptor to be valid.
    /// </summary>
    internal static void BindEnvironmentDetailCategory(
        IGpuPassEncoder encoder,
        IGpuFrame frame)
    {
        Span<uint> category = stackalloc uint[1];
        category[0] = 1u;
        BindRingSection<uint>(
            encoder,
            frame,
            GpuBindingModel.StorageInstanceDetailCategory,
            category);
    }

    private void DisposeRhiResources()
    {
        _opaquePipeline?.Dispose();
        _opaquePipeline = null;
        _alphaPipeline?.Dispose();
        _alphaPipeline = null;
        _additivePipeline?.Dispose();
        _additivePipeline = null;
        _detailPipeline?.Dispose();
        _detailPipeline = null;
        _transparentDetailPipeline?.Dispose();
        _transparentDetailPipeline = null;
    }
}