using System.Reflection;
using System.Reflection.Emit;

namespace AcDream.App.Tests.Architecture;

internal readonly record struct CompiledCall(int Offset, MethodBase Target);

/// <summary>
/// Reads compiled call/new-object edges from a method body. Architecture tests
/// use this when the contract is an ownership or ordering edge that cannot be
/// exercised through a public result, avoiding formatting- and comment-sensitive
/// source-string assertions.
/// </summary>
internal static class CompiledCallGraph
{
    private static readonly IReadOnlyDictionary<short, OpCode> OpCodesByValue =
        typeof(OpCodes)
            .GetFields(BindingFlags.Public | BindingFlags.Static)
            .Where(field => field.FieldType == typeof(OpCode))
            .Select(field => (OpCode)field.GetValue(null)!)
            .ToDictionary(opCode => opCode.Value);

    public static IReadOnlyList<CompiledCall> Read(MethodBase method)
        => ReadMethodReferences(method, includeDelegateTargets: false);

    /// <summary>
    /// Reads calls, object construction, and method references used to build
    /// delegates. The latter lets lifetime tests inspect an operation manifest
    /// without invoking its real process/window resources.
    /// </summary>
    public static IReadOnlyList<CompiledCall> ReadMethodReferences(MethodBase method) =>
        ReadMethodReferences(method, includeDelegateTargets: true);

    public static IReadOnlyList<CompiledCall> ReadDeclared(Type type)
    {
        ArgumentNullException.ThrowIfNull(type);
        const BindingFlags flags = BindingFlags.Instance
            | BindingFlags.Static
            | BindingFlags.Public
            | BindingFlags.NonPublic
            | BindingFlags.DeclaredOnly;
        return type.GetMethods(flags)
            .Cast<MethodBase>()
            .Concat(type.GetConstructors(flags))
            .Where(method => method.GetMethodBody() is not null)
            .SelectMany(Read)
            .ToArray();
    }

    public static IReadOnlyList<string> ReadStringLiterals(MethodBase method)
    {
        ArgumentNullException.ThrowIfNull(method);
        byte[] il = method.GetMethodBody()?.GetILAsByteArray()
            ?? throw new InvalidOperationException(
                $"{method.DeclaringType?.FullName}.{method.Name} has no compiled body.");
        var literals = new List<string>();

        for (int cursor = 0; cursor < il.Length;)
        {
            OpCode opCode = ReadOpCode(il, ref cursor);
            if (opCode == OpCodes.Ldstr)
            {
                int token = BitConverter.ToInt32(il, cursor);
                literals.Add(method.Module.ResolveString(token));
            }

            cursor += OperandSize(opCode.OperandType, il, cursor);
        }

        return literals;
    }

    public static int IndexOf(
        IReadOnlyList<CompiledCall> calls,
        Type declaringType,
        string methodName,
        int startIndex = 0) =>
        Enumerable.Range(startIndex, calls.Count - startIndex)
            .FirstOrDefault(
                index => calls[index].Target.DeclaringType == declaringType
                    && calls[index].Target.Name == methodName,
                -1);

    private static IReadOnlyList<CompiledCall> ReadMethodReferences(
        MethodBase method,
        bool includeDelegateTargets)
    {
        ArgumentNullException.ThrowIfNull(method);
        byte[] il = method.GetMethodBody()?.GetILAsByteArray()
            ?? throw new InvalidOperationException(
                $"{method.DeclaringType?.FullName}.{method.Name} has no compiled body.");
        Type[]? declaringArguments = method.DeclaringType?.IsGenericType == true
            ? method.DeclaringType.GetGenericArguments()
            : null;
        Type[]? methodArguments = method.IsGenericMethod
            ? method.GetGenericArguments()
            : null;
        var calls = new List<CompiledCall>();

        for (int cursor = 0; cursor < il.Length;)
        {
            int instructionOffset = cursor;
            OpCode opCode = ReadOpCode(il, ref cursor);
            if (opCode.OperandType == OperandType.InlineMethod)
            {
                int token = BitConverter.ToInt32(il, cursor);
                MethodBase? target = method.Module.ResolveMethod(
                    token,
                    declaringArguments,
                    methodArguments);
                bool invocation = opCode == OpCodes.Call
                    || opCode == OpCodes.Callvirt
                    || opCode == OpCodes.Newobj;
                bool delegateTarget = includeDelegateTargets
                    && (opCode == OpCodes.Ldftn || opCode == OpCodes.Ldvirtftn);
                if (target is not null && (invocation || delegateTarget))
                    calls.Add(new CompiledCall(instructionOffset, target));
            }

            cursor += OperandSize(opCode.OperandType, il, cursor);
        }

        return calls;
    }

    private static OpCode ReadOpCode(byte[] il, ref int cursor)
    {
        byte first = il[cursor++];
        short value = first == 0xFE
            ? unchecked((short)(0xFE00 | il[cursor++]))
            : first;
        return OpCodesByValue.TryGetValue(value, out OpCode opCode)
            ? opCode
            : throw new InvalidOperationException(
                $"Unknown IL opcode 0x{unchecked((ushort)value):X4}.");
    }

    private static int OperandSize(OperandType operandType, byte[] il, int cursor) =>
        operandType switch
        {
            OperandType.InlineNone => 0,
            OperandType.ShortInlineBrTarget or
            OperandType.ShortInlineI or
            OperandType.ShortInlineVar => 1,
            OperandType.InlineVar => 2,
            OperandType.InlineBrTarget or
            OperandType.InlineField or
            OperandType.InlineI or
            OperandType.InlineMethod or
            OperandType.InlineSig or
            OperandType.InlineString or
            OperandType.InlineTok or
            OperandType.InlineType or
            OperandType.ShortInlineR => 4,
            OperandType.InlineI8 or OperandType.InlineR => 8,
            OperandType.InlineSwitch =>
                sizeof(int) + (BitConverter.ToInt32(il, cursor) * sizeof(int)),
            _ => throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException(
                nameof(operandType),
                operandType,
                "Unsupported IL operand type."),
        };
}