diff --git a/src/AcDream.App/Rendering/TextureCache.cs b/src/AcDream.App/Rendering/TextureCache.cs
index 0e7ebcea..250a69e4 100644
--- a/src/AcDream.App/Rendering/TextureCache.cs
+++ b/src/AcDream.App/Rendering/TextureCache.cs
@@ -37,6 +37,12 @@ public sealed unsafe class TextureCache : Wb.ITextureCachePerInstance, IDisposab
     private readonly Dictionary<uint, uint> _handlesByRenderSurfaceId = new();
     private readonly Dictionary<uint, (int w, int h)> _rsSizeById = new();
 
+    // Ad-hoc handles produced by the public UploadRgba8(byte[],int,int,bool) wrapper
+    // (used by IconComposer for composited item icons). These are NOT stored in any
+    // of the keyed caches above, so Dispose must sweep this list to avoid leaking
+    // GL texture objects until process exit.
+    private readonly List<uint> _adhocHandles = new();
+
     private readonly Wb.BindlessSupport? _bindless;
 
     // Bindless / Texture2DArray parallel caches. Keys mirror the legacy three
@@ -543,9 +549,16 @@ public sealed unsafe class TextureCache : Wb.ITextureCachePerInstance, IDisposab
     }
 
     /// <summary>Uploads a raw RGBA8 byte array as a Texture2D. Used by
-    /// <see cref="AcDream.App.UI.IconComposer"/> to upload CPU-composited icon layers.</summary>
+    /// <see cref="AcDream.App.UI.IconComposer"/> to upload CPU-composited icon layers.
+    /// The returned handle is tracked in <see cref="_adhocHandles"/> and deleted by
+    /// <see cref="Dispose"/>. Callers must NOT also store the handle in any of the
+    /// keyed caches — that would cause a double-delete on Dispose.</summary>
     public uint UploadRgba8(byte[] rgba, int width, int height, bool nearest = false)
-        => UploadRgba8(new DecodedTexture(rgba, width, height), nearest);
+    {
+        uint h = UploadRgba8(new DecodedTexture(rgba, width, height), nearest);
+        _adhocHandles.Add(h);
+        return h;
+    }
 
     private uint UploadRgba8(DecodedTexture decoded, bool nearest = false)
     {
@@ -656,5 +669,17 @@ public sealed unsafe class TextureCache : Wb.ITextureCachePerInstance, IDisposab
             _gl.DeleteTexture(_magentaHandle);
             _magentaHandle = 0;
         }
+
+        // RenderSurface (UI sprite) handles — pre-existing gap: this dict was populated
+        // by GetOrUploadRenderSurface but was not swept here before this fix.
+        foreach (var h in _handlesByRenderSurfaceId.Values)
+            _gl.DeleteTexture(h);
+        _handlesByRenderSurfaceId.Clear();
+
+        // Ad-hoc handles from the public UploadRgba8(byte[],int,int,bool) wrapper
+        // (IconComposer composited icons). Not stored in any keyed cache.
+        foreach (var h in _adhocHandles)
+            _gl.DeleteTexture(h);
+        _adhocHandles.Clear();
     }
 }