fix(rendering): bound portal resource lifetime

Separate logical ownership, render publication, and GPU retirement across live entities, landblocks, particles, textures, mesh arenas, portal/UI teardown, and per-frame scratch storage. Add bounded DAT/texture caches, upload budgets, three-frame fence retirement, exact-incarnation appearance reconciliation, frame pacing, and extensive lifetime conformance coverage.\n\nThe seven-destination connected route now cuts peak working/private memory roughly in half, returns Caul to 125-153 FPS locally, and produces no WER or AMD reset.\n\nCo-authored-by: OpenAI Codex <codex@openai.com>

tests/AcDream.App.Tests/Rendering/ClipFrameAssemblerTests.cs

@@ -206,4 +206,97 @@ public class ClipFrameAssemblerTests
         Assert.False(asm2.OutdoorVisible);
         Assert.Equal(TerrainClipMode.Skip, asm2.TerrainMode);
     }
+
+    [Fact]
+    public void Assemble_ReusedAssembly_ClearsStateAndReusesExactLengthArrays()
+    {
+        const uint firstCell = 0xA9B40100;
+        const uint secondCell = 0xA9B40200;
+        var frame = ClipFrame.NoClip();
+        var reuse = new ClipFrameAssembly();
+
+        var first = new PortalVisibilityFrame();
+        first.CellViews[firstCell] = ViewOf(
+            Square(-0.4f, 0f, 0.15f),
+            Square(0.4f, 0f, 0.15f));
+        first.OrderedVisibleCells.Add(firstCell);
+        first.OutsideView.Add(Square(0f, 0.5f, 0.2f));
+        ClipFrameAssembly firstResult = ClipFrameAssembler.Assemble(frame, first, reuse);
+        Assert.Same(reuse, firstResult);
+        int sliceAllocations = reuse.SliceArrayAllocationCount;
+        int slotAllocations = reuse.SlotArrayAllocationCount;
+
+        var second = new PortalVisibilityFrame();
+        second.CellViews[secondCell] = ViewOf(
+            Square(-0.4f, 0f, 0.15f),
+            Square(0.4f, 0f, 0.15f));
+        second.OrderedVisibleCells.Add(secondCell);
+        second.OutsideView.Add(Square(0f, 0.5f, 0.2f));
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < 12; i++)
+        {
+            ClipFrameAssembly actual = ClipFrameAssembler.Assemble(frame, second, reuse);
+            Assert.Same(reuse, actual);
+            Assert.DoesNotContain(firstCell, actual.CellIdToViewSlices.Keys);
+            Assert.Contains(secondCell, actual.CellIdToViewSlices.Keys);
+            Assert.Equal(2, actual.CellIdToViewSlices[secondCell].Length);
+            Assert.Equal(2, actual.CellIdToViewSlots[secondCell].Length);
+            Assert.Single(actual.OutsideViewSlices);
+            Assert.Equal(sliceAllocations, reuse.SliceArrayAllocationCount);
+            Assert.Equal(slotAllocations, reuse.SlotArrayAllocationCount);
+        }
+
+        var empty = new PortalVisibilityFrame();
+        ClipFrameAssembly cleared = ClipFrameAssembler.Assemble(frame, empty, reuse);
+        Assert.Empty(cleared.CellIdToSlot);
+        Assert.Empty(cleared.CellIdToViewSlots);
+        Assert.Empty(cleared.CellIdToViewSlices);
+        Assert.Empty(cleared.PerCellPlaneCounts);
+        Assert.Empty(cleared.OutsideViewSlices);
+        Assert.Equal(TerrainClipMode.Skip, cleared.TerrainMode);
+    }
+
+    [Fact]
+    public void Assemble_ReusedAssembly_ChangingCardinalityStaysBoundedThenReachesSteadyState()
+    {
+        const uint cellId = 0xA9B40100;
+        var frame = ClipFrame.NoClip();
+        var reuse = new ClipFrameAssembly();
+
+        static PortalVisibilityFrame FrameWithSlices(uint id, int count)
+        {
+            var portalFrame = new PortalVisibilityFrame();
+            var view = new CellView();
+            for (int i = 0; i < count; i++)
+            {
+                // The assembler consumes the retail view_poly list directly. Distinct placement is
+                // irrelevant to this cache-cardinality stress; avoid CellView dedup collapsing it.
+                view.Polygons.Add(Square(i * 0.001f, 0f, 0.0004f));
+            }
+            portalFrame.CellViews[id] = view;
+            portalFrame.OrderedVisibleCells.Add(id);
+            return portalFrame;
+        }
+
+        for (int count = 1; count <= 180; count++)
+            ClipFrameAssembler.Assemble(frame, FrameWithSlices(cellId, count), reuse);
+
+        // Flush the final live arrays into the cache too.
+        ClipFrameAssembler.Assemble(frame, new PortalVisibilityFrame(), reuse);
+        Assert.InRange(reuse.RetainedSliceItems, 0, ClipFrameAssembly.MaxRetainedSliceItems);
+        Assert.InRange(reuse.RetainedSlotItems, 0, ClipFrameAssembly.MaxRetainedSlotItems);
+        Assert.InRange(reuse.RetainedSliceArrays, 0, ClipFrameAssembly.MaxRetainedArraysPerPool);
+        Assert.InRange(reuse.RetainedSlotArrays, 0, ClipFrameAssembly.MaxRetainedArraysPerPool);
+
+        PortalVisibilityFrame steady = FrameWithSlices(cellId, 73);
+        ClipFrameAssembler.Assemble(frame, steady, reuse);
+        int sliceAllocations = reuse.SliceArrayAllocationCount;
+        int slotAllocations = reuse.SlotArrayAllocationCount;
+        for (int i = 0; i < 16; i++)
+        {
+            ClipFrameAssembler.Assemble(frame, steady, reuse);
+            Assert.Equal(sliceAllocations, reuse.SliceArrayAllocationCount);
+            Assert.Equal(slotAllocations, reuse.SlotArrayAllocationCount);
+        }
+    }
 }