fix(rendering): bound portal resource lifetime

Separate logical ownership, render publication, and GPU retirement across live entities, landblocks, particles, textures, mesh arenas, portal/UI teardown, and per-frame scratch storage. Add bounded DAT/texture caches, upload budgets, three-frame fence retirement, exact-incarnation appearance reconciliation, frame pacing, and extensive lifetime conformance coverage.\n\nThe seven-destination connected route now cuts peak working/private memory roughly in half, returns Caul to 125-153 FPS locally, and produces no WER or AMD reset.\n\nCo-authored-by: OpenAI Codex <codex@openai.com>

src/AcDream.App/Rendering/SceneLightingUboBinding.cs

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 using System;
 using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
+using AcDream.App.Rendering.Wb;
 using AcDream.Core.Lighting;
 using Silk.NET.OpenGL;
 
@@ -23,27 +24,70 @@ namespace AcDream.App.Rendering;
 public sealed unsafe class SceneLightingUboBinding : IDisposable
 {
     private readonly GL _gl;
-    private readonly uint _ubo;
+    private uint _ubo;
+    private readonly List<uint>[] _buffersByFrame = [[], [], []];
+    private int _frameSlot;
+    private int _bufferCursor;
+    private bool _frameStarted;
     private bool _disposed;
 
+    internal int DynamicBufferCount => _buffersByFrame.Sum(buffers => buffers.Count);
+
     public SceneLightingUboBinding(GL gl)
     {
         _gl = gl ?? throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(gl));
-        _ubo = _gl.GenBuffer();
-        _gl.BindBuffer(BufferTargetARB.UniformBuffer, _ubo);
-        // Pre-allocate with the final size; BufferSubData each frame.
-        _gl.BufferData(
-            BufferTargetARB.UniformBuffer,
-            (nuint)SceneLightingUbo.SizeInBytes,
-            (void*)0,
-            BufferUsageARB.DynamicDraw);
-        _gl.BindBuffer(BufferTargetARB.UniformBuffer, 0);
+    }
 
-        // Bind the buffer to the chosen binding point exactly once — shaders
-        // that declare this binding in their layout block will read from it
-        // on every draw without further intervention.
-        _gl.BindBufferBase(BufferTargetARB.UniformBuffer,
-            SceneLightingUbo.BindingPoint, _ubo);
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Resets the lighting-submission cursor for a GPU-fenced frame slot.
+    /// World, portal-space, and paperdoll draws can each upload different
+    /// lighting in one frame, so every upload receives distinct storage.
+    /// </summary>
+    public void BeginFrame(int frameSlot)
+    {
+        if ((uint)frameSlot >= (uint)_buffersByFrame.Length)
+            throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException(nameof(frameSlot));
+
+        _frameSlot = frameSlot;
+        _bufferCursor = 0;
+        _frameStarted = true;
+    }
+
+    private void ActivateNextBuffer()
+    {
+        if (!_frameStarted)
+            throw new InvalidOperationException("BeginFrame must be called before uploading scene lighting.");
+
+        List<uint> buffers = _buffersByFrame[_frameSlot];
+        if (_bufferCursor == buffers.Count)
+        {
+            uint buffer = TrackedGlResource.CreateBuffer(
+                _gl,
+                "SceneLighting frame UBO creation");
+            try
+            {
+                TrackedGlResource.AllocateBufferStorage(
+                    _gl,
+                    GLEnum.UniformBuffer,
+                    buffer,
+                    0,
+                    SceneLightingUbo.SizeInBytes,
+                    GLEnum.DynamicDraw,
+                    "SceneLighting frame UBO allocation");
+                buffers.Add(buffer);
+            }
+            catch
+            {
+                TrackedGlResource.DeleteBuffer(
+                    _gl,
+                    buffer,
+                    0,
+                    "SceneLighting frame UBO rollback");
+                throw;
+            }
+        }
+
+        _ubo = buffers[_bufferCursor++];
     }
 
     /// <summary>
@@ -52,16 +96,30 @@ public sealed unsafe class SceneLightingUboBinding : IDisposable
     /// </summary>
     public void Upload(SceneLightingUbo data)
     {
+        ActivateNextBuffer();
         _gl.BindBuffer(BufferTargetARB.UniformBuffer, _ubo);
         _gl.BufferSubData(BufferTargetARB.UniformBuffer,
             (nint)0, (nuint)SceneLightingUbo.SizeInBytes, &data);
+        _gl.BindBufferBase(BufferTargetARB.UniformBuffer,
+            SceneLightingUbo.BindingPoint, _ubo);
         _gl.BindBuffer(BufferTargetARB.UniformBuffer, 0);
     }
 
     public void Dispose()
     {
         if (_disposed) return;
-        _gl.DeleteBuffer(_ubo);
+        foreach (List<uint> buffers in _buffersByFrame)
+        {
+            foreach (uint buffer in buffers)
+            {
+                TrackedGlResource.DeleteBuffer(
+                    _gl,
+                    buffer,
+                    SceneLightingUbo.SizeInBytes,
+                    "SceneLighting frame UBO disposal");
+            }
+            buffers.Clear();
+        }
         _disposed = true;
     }
 }