diff --git a/src/AcDream.App/Rendering/GameWindow.cs b/src/AcDream.App/Rendering/GameWindow.cs
index cfefc85..73ccb1c 100644
--- a/src/AcDream.App/Rendering/GameWindow.cs
+++ b/src/AcDream.App/Rendering/GameWindow.cs
@@ -5023,9 +5023,26 @@ public sealed class GameWindow : IDisposable
             if (cameraInsideCell)
                 _gl!.Clear(ClearBufferMask.DepthBufferBit);
 
+            // L-fix1 (2026-04-28): pass the set of animated-entity ids so
+            // the renderer keeps remote players / NPCs / monsters
+            // visible even when their landblock rotates out of the
+            // frustum. Without this, other characters wink in/out as
+            // the camera turns. The set is rebuilt per-frame from
+            // _animatedEntities — it's small (<100 entities typically)
+            // so HashSet allocation is cheap. Static scenery still
+            // respects landblock-level cull.
+            HashSet<uint>? animatedIds = null;
+            if (_animatedEntities.Count > 0)
+            {
+                animatedIds = new HashSet<uint>(_animatedEntities.Count);
+                foreach (var k in _animatedEntities.Keys)
+                    animatedIds.Add(k);
+            }
+
             _staticMesh?.Draw(camera, _worldState.LandblockEntries, frustum,
                 neverCullLandblockId: playerLb,
-                visibleCellIds: visibility?.VisibleCellIds);
+                visibleCellIds: visibility?.VisibleCellIds,
+                animatedEntityIds: animatedIds);
 
             // Phase G.1 / E.3: draw all live particles after opaque
             // scene geometry so alpha blending composites correctly.
diff --git a/src/AcDream.App/Rendering/InstancedMeshRenderer.cs b/src/AcDream.App/Rendering/InstancedMeshRenderer.cs
index 18a67ae..7f4ce29 100644
--- a/src/AcDream.App/Rendering/InstancedMeshRenderer.cs
+++ b/src/AcDream.App/Rendering/InstancedMeshRenderer.cs
@@ -152,7 +152,16 @@ public sealed unsafe class InstancedMeshRenderer : IDisposable
         IEnumerable<(uint LandblockId, Vector3 AabbMin, Vector3 AabbMax, IReadOnlyList<WorldEntity> Entities)> landblockEntries,
         FrustumPlanes? frustum = null,
         uint? neverCullLandblockId = null,
-        HashSet<uint>? visibleCellIds = null)
+        HashSet<uint>? visibleCellIds = null,
+        // L-fix1 (2026-04-28): set of entity ids that should bypass the
+        // landblock-level frustum cull. Animated entities (other
+        // players, NPCs, monsters) are always rendered if their
+        // landblock is loaded — without this they vanish whenever the
+        // camera rotates away from their landblock, even though
+        // they're within visible distance of the player. Pass null /
+        // empty to keep the previous "cull everything by landblock"
+        // behavior.
+        HashSet<uint>? animatedEntityIds = null)
     {
         _shader.Use();
 
@@ -165,7 +174,7 @@ public sealed unsafe class InstancedMeshRenderer : IDisposable
         // directly — no per-draw uniform uploads needed.
 
         // ── Collect and group instances ───────────────────────────────────────
-        CollectGroups(landblockEntries, frustum, neverCullLandblockId, visibleCellIds);
+        CollectGroups(landblockEntries, frustum, neverCullLandblockId, visibleCellIds, animatedEntityIds);
 
         // ── Build and upload the instance buffer ──────────────────────────────
         // Count total instances.
@@ -342,16 +351,27 @@ public sealed unsafe class InstancedMeshRenderer : IDisposable
         IEnumerable<(uint LandblockId, Vector3 AabbMin, Vector3 AabbMax, IReadOnlyList<WorldEntity> Entities)> landblockEntries,
         FrustumPlanes? frustum,
         uint? neverCullLandblockId,
-        HashSet<uint>? visibleCellIds)
+        HashSet<uint>? visibleCellIds,
+        HashSet<uint>? animatedEntityIds)
     {
         foreach (var grp in _groups.Values)
             grp.Entries.Clear();
 
         foreach (var entry in landblockEntries)
         {
-            if (frustum is not null &&
-                entry.LandblockId != neverCullLandblockId &&
-                !FrustumCuller.IsAabbVisible(frustum.Value, entry.AabbMin, entry.AabbMax))
+            // L-fix1 (2026-04-28): the landblock cull decision is now
+            // PER-LANDBLOCK boolean, not a continue. We still need to
+            // walk the entity list because animated entities (in
+            // animatedEntityIds) bypass the cull and render anyway.
+            bool landblockVisible = frustum is null
+                                  || entry.LandblockId == neverCullLandblockId
+                                  || FrustumCuller.IsAabbVisible(frustum.Value, entry.AabbMin, entry.AabbMax);
+
+            // Fast path: no animated entities globally → if landblock is
+            // culled, skip the whole entity list (preserves the original
+            // O(visible-landblocks) cost when the caller doesn't care
+            // about animated bypass).
+            if (!landblockVisible && (animatedEntityIds is null || animatedEntityIds.Count == 0))
                 continue;
 
             foreach (var entity in entry.Entities)
@@ -359,6 +379,14 @@ public sealed unsafe class InstancedMeshRenderer : IDisposable
                 if (entity.MeshRefs.Count == 0)
                     continue;
 
+                // L-fix1: when the landblock is frustum-culled, only
+                // render entities flagged as animated. This keeps
+                // remote players / NPCs / monsters visible even when
+                // their landblock rotates out of the view frustum.
+                bool isAnimated = animatedEntityIds?.Contains(entity.Id) == true;
+                if (!landblockVisible && !isAnimated)
+                    continue;
+
                 // Step 4: portal visibility filter. If we have a visible cell set,
                 // skip interior entities whose parent cell isn't visible.
                 // visibleCellIds == null means camera is outdoors → show all interiors.